China has always attached great importance to the impact of artificial weather influence on the environment. The results of many tests and analyses have shown that silver iodide catalysts have no adverse effects on the ecological environment. Since 2003, Beijing has conducted artificial rain augmentation in the Miyun Reservoir and Guanting Reservoir areas every summer and has detected silver ions in the water of the reservoirs. The results showed that the average concentration of silver ions in the reservoirs was 0.64 micrograms per liter, which was far below the national standard of 50 micrograms per liter stipulated in the Hygienic Standard for Drinking Water for Domestic Use (GB5749-2006).

Artificially influenced weather operations are localized, the use of catalysts is minimal, and the duration of operations and the scope of influence are limited. Relevant scientific studies at home and abroad have shown that climate change will not have a negative impact on the ecological environment and human health.

The group said that refrigerants mainly consist of dry ice (solid carbon dioxide), liquid carbon dioxide and liquid nitrogen. When seeded into clouds, these catalysts rapidly cool the air, causing supercooled water droplets in the cloud to freeze into ice particles and evaporate into carbon dioxide or nitrogen, which are part of the natural air and are used in small quantities without polluting the ecosystem.

Hygroscopic catalysts are mainly small hygroscopic particles, such as sodium chloride, which are seldom used commercially and have negligible environmental impact.

Silver iodide catalysts consisting of silver iodide and additives are widely used in artificial weather operations. In the operation, the silver iodide solvent is mainly obtained by combustion method.1 gram of silver iodide catalyst can form the 10th 13~10 14th power ice nuclei at -15℃, and a small amount of silver iodide catalyst can produce enough artificial ice nuclei to meet the operation requirements. Silver iodide is insoluble in water, and the silver ions formed by decomposition are unstable in the natural environment and tend to form insoluble compounds.

According to the Panel, the environmental impact of silver iodide catalysts has been studied internationally since the 1960s. Long-term results of silver ion concentrations after precipitation in the United States, Spain, Australia and other countries show that silver ions are concentrated. Radiation from artificially influenced weather is very low, and the impact on the environment is well below the World Health Organization standard (the concentration of silver ions in drinking water should not exceed 50 micrograms per liter).

Does the artificial synthesis of catalysts such as silver iodide cause environmental pollution? Recently, the National Scientific and Technological Advisory and Assessment Committee on Artificial Climate organized experts in the fields of environmental protection, relevant universities, the army and meteorology.

After inquiries and discussions, the expert group concluded that, according to relevant research results at home and abroad, the silver iodide catalysts currently used for weather modification operations are small in number and widely distributed. The concentration of silver ions produced per unit volume is far below international and domestic water environment quality standards and will not have an adverse impact on the environment. There is no evidence that artificial weather influence has long-term cumulative adverse effects on the ecological environment.

Clouds are categorized into warm and cold clouds. Different rainfall mechanisms require different types of catalysts. There are three main types of catalysts used in the world for artificial weather, namely silver iodide catalysts, refrigerants and hygroscopic agents.C catalysts. Silver iodide catalysts and refrigerants are used in cold clouds while warm clouds rely on hygroscopic catalysts.

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